Evaluation of Energy and Density of States of Two Dimensional Quantum Structure (Quantum Well)

Quantum structures (e.g. quantum wells) are a critical part of optical system designs (lasers, modulators, switches etc.). In the quantum well, the motion of the particle is quantized in one direction while the particle moves freely in other two directions. The density of state of the quantum structure is the possible number of state an excited electron can occupy per unit volume. The density of state depends on the energy at which the electron moves when excited. In this paper, the energy and density of states of two-dimensional quantum structure (quantum well) were calculated. The results obtained revealed the density of state increases with the energy but exhibited maximum and minimum peaks. Maximum peaks occurred at 4 eV and 7.5 eV while the minimum peaks occurred at 5 eV and 8 eV. These show that energy of state for quantum wells neither varies linearly nor exponentially with a density of state because of high energy level. The findings are in agreement with published literature. Some applications of quantum wells include: bioconjugates, solar cells, photovoltaic, photo and electrochromic devices etc.